(object) array( 'id' => '933197', 'url' => 'AR/bilateral_aid', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'المعونة الثنائية', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'المعونة الثنائية', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'International economics', 3 => 'University of Michigan', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'المعونة الثنائية', 'source_id' => 818527, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'International economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'University of Michigan', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402094133', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'المعونة من بلد مانح لبلد مستفيد واحد، على النقيض من المساعدات المتعددة الأطراف.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601530168672258, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'bilateral aid', 'Company' => 'University of Michigan', 'Definition' => 'Aid from a single donor country to a single recipient country, in contrast to multilateral aid.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'International economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Noroc', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/26', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'bilateral_aid', )

(object) array( 'id' => '933422', 'url' => 'AR/literal_language', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'حرفية اللغة', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'حرفية اللغة', 1 => 'Literature', 2 => 'Fiction', 3 => 'Citadel', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'حرفية اللغة', 'source_id' => 501651, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Literature', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Fiction', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'Citadel', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402101008', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'شكلاً من أشكال اللغة التي تعني الكتاب والمتكلمين بالضبط ما الدلالة على كلماتهم. انظر اللغة التصويرية، ومعنى دلالة، ودلالة.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601531113439233, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'literal language', 'Company' => 'Citadel', 'Definition' => 'A form of language in which writers and speakers mean exactly what their words denote. See Figurative language, Denotation, and Connotation.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Literature', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Fiction', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Renee', 'Creation Date' => '2010/12/8', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'literal_language', )

(object) array( 'id' => '931833', 'url' => 'AR/portrait_₆', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'صورة', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'صورة', 1 => 'Art history', 2 => 'Visual arts', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'صورة', 'source_id' => 744579, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Art history', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Visual arts', ), 'lastedit' => '20110401212114', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'تمثيل ثنائي أو ثلاثي الأبعاد لشخص (أو مجموعة)، تعني أساسا بالمؤمنين تسجيل من ملامح، والتعرف على الموضوع (ق) كالأفراد تاريخية فريدة من نوعها.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601524977172483, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'portrait', 'Definition' => 'A two- or three-dimensional representation of a person (or group), concerned mainly with faithful recording of physiognomy, identifying its subject(s) as unique historical individual(s).', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Art history', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Visual arts', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Gabrielle Tait', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/14', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'portrait_₆', )

(object) array( 'id' => '932343', 'url' => 'AR/summary_and_recommendation_(s&_r)', 'image' => '', 'title' => '(موجز وتوصية (ستاندرد آند آر', 'tags' => array ( 0 => '(موجز وتوصية (ستاندرد آند آر', 1 => 'Life Sciences', 2 => 'Regulatory', 3 => '', ), 'term' => '(موجز وتوصية (ستاندرد آند آر', 'source_id' => 495874, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Life Sciences', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Regulatory', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402071541', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'مبررات مكتوبة من المنطقة في طلبها لمؤسسة ملاحقة الجنائية.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601526926475267, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'summary and recommendation (s& r)', 'Definition' => 'The written justification from the District in its request for institution of a criminal prosecution.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Industry' => 'Life Sciences', 'Product Category' => 'Regulatory', 'Creation User' => 'PetriDish', 'Creation Date' => '2010/12/2', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'summary_and_recommendation_(s&_r)', )

(object) array( 'id' => '936066', 'url' => 'AR/World_Trade_Organization_(WTO)_₂', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'منظمة التجارة العالمية', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'منظمة التجارة العالمية', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'منظمة التجارة العالمية', 'source_id' => 774799, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402200304', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'Bête noire of anti-globalization protesters. The World Trade Organization is the governing body of international trade, setting and enforcing the rules of trade and punishing offenders. Established during the Uruguay Round of talks under the general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT), it opened for business in 1995 with a membership of 132 countries (rising to 146 by 2003). Countries used to break GATT rules with impunity. They seem to be finding it harder to do so under the WTO. Even so, protestors complain that it does not promote fair trade but does promote the interest of rich countries over poorer one. Supporters of free trade, including The Economist, reckon that all countries are better off as part of a well-regulated international trading system, and that the WTO is the most likely source of the good regulation that is needed.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601543907115009, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'World Trade Organization (WTO)', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'Bête noire of anti-globalization protesters. The World Trade Organization is the governing body of international trade, setting and enforcing the rules of trade and punishing offenders. Established during the Uruguay Round of talks under the general agreement on tariffs and trade (GATT), it opened for business in 1995 with a membership of 132 countries (rising to 146 by 2003). Countries used to break GATT rules with impunity. They seem to be finding it harder to do so under the WTO. Even so, protestors complain that it does not promote fair trade but does promote the interest of rich countries over poorer one. Supporters of free trade, including The Economist, reckon that all countries are better off as part of a well-regulated international trading system, and that the WTO is the most likely source of the good regulation that is needed.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'World_Trade_Organization_(WTO)_₂', )

(object) array( 'id' => '935911', 'url' => 'AR/tax_base_₁', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'وعاء ضريبى', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'وعاء ضريبى', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'وعاء ضريبى', 'source_id' => 774742, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402194509', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'The thing or amount to which a tax rate applies. To collect income tax, for example, you need a meaningful definition of income. Definitions of the tax base can vary enormously, over time and among countries, especially when tax breaks are taken into account. As a result, a country with a comparatively high tax rate may not have a high tax burden if it has a more narrowly defined tax base than other countries. In recent years, the political unpopularity of high tax rates has lead many governments to lower rates and at the same time broaden the tax base, often leaving the tax burden unchanged.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601543316766723, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'tax base', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'The thing or amount to which a tax rate applies. To collect income tax, for example, you need a meaningful definition of income. Definitions of the tax base can vary enormously, over time and among countries, especially when tax breaks are taken into account. As a result, a country with a comparatively high tax rate may not have a high tax burden if it has a more narrowly defined tax base than other countries. In recent years, the political unpopularity of high tax rates has lead many governments to lower rates and at the same time broaden the tax base, often leaving the tax burden unchanged.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'tax_base_₁', )

(object) array( 'id' => '935818', 'url' => 'AR/adverse_selection_₃', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'إنتقاء عكسى', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'إنتقاء عكسى', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'إنتقاء عكسى', 'source_id' => 774594, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402193704', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'When you do business with people you would be better off avoiding. This is one of two main sorts of market failure often associated with insurance. The other is moral hazard. Adverse selection can be a problem when there is asymmetric information between the seller of insurance and the buyer; in particular, insurance will often not be profitable when buyers have better information about their risk of claiming than does the seller. Ideally, insurance premiums should be set according to the risk of a randomly selected person in the insured slice of the population (55-year-old male smokers, say). In practice, this means the average risk of that group. When there is adverse selection, people who know they have a higher risk of claiming than the average of the group will buy the insurance, whereas those who have a below-average risk may decide it is too expensive to be worth buying. In this case, premiums set according to the average risk will not be sufficient to cover the claims that eventually arise, because among the people who have bought the policy more will have above-average risk than below-average risk. Putting up the premium will not solve this problem, for as the premium rises the insurance policy will become unattractive to more of the people who know they have a lower risk of claiming. One way to reduce adverse selection is to make the purchase of insurance compulsory, so that those for whom insurance priced for average risk is unattractive are not able to opt out.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601542896287745, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'adverse selection', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'When you do business with people you would be better off avoiding. This is one of two main sorts of market failure often associated with insurance. The other is moral hazard. Adverse selection can be a problem when there is asymmetric information between the seller of insurance and the buyer; in particular, insurance will often not be profitable when buyers have better information about their risk of claiming than does the seller. Ideally, insurance premiums should be set according to the risk of a randomly selected person in the insured slice of the population (55-year-old male smokers, say). In practice, this means the average risk of that group. When there is adverse selection, people who know they have a higher risk of claiming than the average of the group will buy the insurance, whereas those who have a below-average risk may decide it is too expensive to be worth buying. In this case, premiums set according to the average risk will not be sufficient to cover the claims that eventually arise, because among the people who have bought the policy more will have above-average risk than below-average risk. Putting up the premium will not solve this problem, for as the premium rises the insurance policy will become unattractive to more of the people who know they have a lower risk of claiming. One way to reduce adverse selection is to make the purchase of insurance compulsory, so that those for whom insurance priced for average risk is unattractive are not able to opt out.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'adverse_selection_₃', )

(object) array( 'id' => '931832', 'url' => 'AR/prehistoric_₁', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'قبل التاريخ', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'قبل التاريخ', 1 => 'Art history', 2 => 'Visual arts', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'قبل التاريخ', 'source_id' => 744580, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Art history', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Visual arts', ), 'lastedit' => '20110401212113', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'أي وقت أو الشيء الذي يسبق تسجيل التاريخ (التصويرية أو الأدبية)، تغطي عموما أي شيء أقدم من سنة قبل الميلاد في الألفية الثانية.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601524977172482, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'prehistoric', 'Definition' => 'Any time or thing that predates recorded (pictorial or literary) history, generally covering anything older than the second millennium bce.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Art history', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Visual arts', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Gabrielle Tait', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/14', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'prehistoric_₁', )

(object) array( 'id' => '932204', 'url' => 'AR/front_page', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'الصفحة الأولى', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'الصفحة الأولى', 1 => 'Broadcasting & receiving', 2 => 'News', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'الصفحة الأولى', 'source_id' => 142917, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Broadcasting & receiving', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'News', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402061507', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'الصفحة الأولى من صحيفة أو ماناجيزي التي تحمل أكثر من المعلومات الهامة، ومثيرة للاهتمام أو مثيرة', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601526564716547, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'front page', 'Definition' => 'the first page of a newspaper or managize that carried the most important, interesting or sensational information', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Product Category' => 'News', 'Industry' => 'Broadcasting & receiving', 'Creation User' => 'Kate Ivanova', 'Creation Date' => '2010/8/11', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'front_page', )

(object) array( 'id' => '935624', 'url' => 'AR/debt_₄', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'دين', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'دين', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'دين', 'source_id' => 774493, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402192222', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => '"يتعين على مقترض لا مقرض،" كتب شكسبير في "هاملت". في الواقع، التوافر للدين، والرغبة في أن اعتبر، عنصرا أساسيا للنمو الاقتصادي، نظراً لأنه يسمح للأفراد والشركات والحكومات لجعل الاستثمارات أنها سوف لا يكون خلاف ذلك قادرة على تحمل. سعر الدين هو الفائدة. الإقراض وحتى وقت قريب، كان نشاط تهيمن المصارف (على الرغم من أن القروض العقارية للأفراد شراء منازلهم منذ فترة طويلة كانت متاحة من مؤسسات الادخار الإسكاني الخاص). ومنذ الستينات، أصبح الدين متاحة على نحو متزايد من مصادر أخرى. باعوا الشركات تريليونات دولارات من السندات للمستثمرين في الأسواق المالية. الأفراد كانت قادرة على الاقتراض مع بطاقات الائتمان، وهناك لأولئك الذين ليس لهم مكان آخر لتشغيل محلات الرهن والقرض أسماك القرش، التي تقاضي أسعار عالية جداً للاهتمام. وكان مجموع ديون القطاع الخاص في عام 2003 حوالي 150 في المائة من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في الولايات المتحدة، بالمقارنة مع أقل من 100% عام 1928. في معظم البلدان، حتى الآن المقترض واحد أكبر هو الدولة، من خلال الدين الوطني.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601542137118720, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'debt', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => '“Neither a borrower nor a lender be,” wrote Shakespeare in “Hamlet”. Actually, the availability of debt, and the willingness to take it on, is a crucial ingredient of economic growth, because it allows individuals, firms and governments to make investments they would not otherwise be able to afford. The price of debt is interest. Until recently, lending was an activity dominated by banks (although mortgages for individuals buying their homes have long been available from special housing savings institutions). Since the 1960s, debt has become increasingly available from other sources. Companies have sold trillions of dollars worth of bonds to investors in the financial markets. Individuals have been able to borrow with credit cards, and for those who have nowhere else to turn there are pawn shops and loan sharks, which charge very high rates of interest. Total private-sector debt in 2003 was around 150% of GDP in the United States, compared with less than 100% in 1928. In most countries, by far the biggest single borrower is the state, through the national debt.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'debt_₄', )