(object) array( 'id' => '933362', 'url' => 'AR/life-cycle_hypothesis', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'فرضية دورة الحياة', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'فرضية دورة الحياة', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'فرضية دورة الحياة', 'source_id' => 774229, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402095527', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'محاولة لشرح الطريقة أن تقسيم الناس دخلهم بين الإنفاق والادخار، والطريقة التي كانوا اقتراض. على مدى حياتها، دخل شخص نموذجي يختلف أكثر بكثير من كم هي تنفق. في المتوسط، يكون الشباب ذوي الدخل المنخفض ولكن التزامات الإنفاق الكبير: على الاستثمار في رأس المال البشري من خلال التعليم والتدريب، وبناء أسرة، وشراء منزل، وهلم جرا. حتى أنهم لا إنقاذ الكثير، وكثيراً ما تقترض بكثافة. كما يتقدمون في السن ترتفع إيراداتها عموما، ويدفعون بهم الرهن العقاري، الأطفال إجازة المنزل وأنها تعد للتقاعد، حيث أنها تزيد من حدة على إنقاذ والاستثمار. في التقاعد، دخلها إلى حد كبير أو كلياً من منافع الدولة والادخار والاستثمار فعلوا عند العمل؛ أنهم يقضون معظم أو كل من دخلها، ومن بيع الأصول، وكثيراً ما تنفق أكثر من دخلها. على نطاق واسع متحدثاً، هذه النظرية تدعمها البيانات، على الرغم من أن بعض الاقتصاديين يقولون أن الشباب لا تنفق كما ينبغي على، مثلاً، يجري تعليم، لأن المقرضين يترددون في تقديم القروض لهم. لغز واحد أن الناس غالباً ما يكون أصول كبيرة تركت عندما يموت. يقول بعض الاقتصاديين هذا لأنهم يريدون ترك من ميراث سخية لذويهم؛ ويقول آخرون أن الناس متفائلون جداً ببساطة إلى متى سوف تعيش. (انظر أيضا فرضية الدخل الدائم وفرضية الدخل النسبي.)', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601530927841280, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'life-cycle hypothesis', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'An attempt to explain the way that people split their income between spending and saving, and the way that they borrow. Over their lifetime, a typical person’s income varies by far more than how much they spend. On average, young people have low incomes but big spending commitments: on investing in their human capital through education and training, building a family, buying a home, and so on. So they do not save much and often borrow heavily. As they get older their income generally rises, they pay off their mortgage, the children leave home and they prepare for retirement, so they sharply increase their saving and investment. In retirement, their income is largely or entirely from state benefits and the saving and investment they did when working; they spend most or all of their income, and, by selling off assets, often spend more than their income. Broadly speaking, this theory is supported by the data, though some economists argue that young people do not spend as much as they should on, say, being educated, because lenders are reluctant to extend credit to them. One puzzle is that people often have substantial assets left when they die. Some economists say this is because they want to leave a generous inheritance for their relatives; others say that people are simply far too optimistic about how long they will live. (See also permanent income hypothesis and relative income hypothesis. )', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'life-cycle_hypothesis', )

(object) array( 'id' => '927178', 'url' => 'AR/Provision', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'شرط', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'شرط', 1 => 'Law', 2 => 'Contracts', 3 => 'Legal_glossary_twgid1297169187682987', ), 'term' => 'شرط', 'source_id' => 717640, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Law', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Contracts', ), 'lastedit' => '20110401074139', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'الاشتراط أو التأهيل، لا سيما شرط في مستند أو اتفاق.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => 'Legal_glossary_twgid1297169187682987', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601504533086210, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'Provision', 'Definition' => 'A stipulation or qualification, especially a clause in a document or agreement.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Industry' => 'Law', 'Product Category' => 'Contracts', 'Creation User' => 'egpoveda', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/9', 'Glossary' => 'Legal_glossary_twgid1297169187682987', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'Provision', )

(object) array( 'id' => '928940', 'url' => 'AR/video_conference', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'مؤتمر بالفيديو', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'مؤتمر بالفيديو', 1 => 'Education', 2 => 'Teaching', 3 => 'Teachnology', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'مؤتمر بالفيديو', 'source_id' => 712240, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Education', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Teaching', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'Teachnology', ), 'lastedit' => '20110401123513', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'المناقشة بين اثنين أو أكثر من الأشخاص الذين يمكن أن ترى وتسمع بعضها البعض باستخدام معدات الفيديو والبث عبر خطوط الهاتف أو الإنترنت.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601511510310912, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'video conference', 'Company' => 'Teachnology', 'Definition' => 'Discussion between two or more people who can see and hear each other using video equipment and transmissions over telephone lines or the Internet.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Education', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Teaching', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'katesd', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/8', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'video_conference', )

(object) array( 'id' => '933188', 'url' => 'AR/marginal_return', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'عوائد هامشية', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'عوائد هامشية', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => '', ), 'term' => 'عوائد هامشية', 'source_id' => 506055, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402094117', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'الإنتاج الإضافية الناجمة عن زيادة وحدة واحدة في استخدام المدخلات المتغيرة، بينما تعقد المدخلات الأخرى ثابتة.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601530166575107, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'marginal return', 'Definition' => 'The additional output resulting from a one unit increase in the use of variable inputs, while other inputs are held constant.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Creation User' => '暗夜的舞者', 'Creation Date' => '2010/12/12', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'marginal_return', )

(object) array( 'id' => '931785', 'url' => 'AR/ornament_₁', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'زخرفة', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'زخرفة', 1 => 'Art history', 2 => 'Visual arts', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'زخرفة', 'source_id' => 744604, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Art history', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Visual arts', ), 'lastedit' => '20121101121044', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'زخرفة، قطعة من الديكور، jewlry، أو بيجو إلخ.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601524816740354, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'ornament', 'Definition' => 'ornament, piece of decoration, jewlry, or bijou etc.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Art history', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Visual arts', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Gabrielle Tait', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/14', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'ornament_₁', )

(object) array( 'id' => '952647', 'url' => 'AR/international_tax', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'ضريبة دولية', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'ضريبة دولية', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'International economics', 3 => 'University of Michigan', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'ضريبة دولية', 'source_id' => 818913, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'International economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'University of Michigan', ), 'lastedit' => '20110404180537', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => '1. إذا كانت موجودة، وهذا يمكن أن يعني ضريبة المفروضة من قبل هيئة دولية على الحكومات أو الجهات الفاعلة من القطاع الخاص في جميع أنحاء العالم. وهذا غير موجود، ومع ذلك، باستثناء ما بين مجموعات صغيرة من البلدان التي وافقت على تقاسم الموارد، مثل الاتحاد الأوروبي. 2-مجال الدراسة الذي يتعامل مع سلطات الضرائب الوطنية منفصل كيف تتفاعل وكيف تستجيب الجهات الفاعلة في القطاع الخاص للخلافات الدولية في فرض ضرائب على الأنظمة.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601613249445888, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'international tax', 'Company' => 'University of Michigan', 'Definition' => '1. If it existed, this could mean a tax levied by an international body on the governments or private sector actors throughout the world. This does not exist, however, except among small groups of countries that have agreed to share resources, such as the European Union. 2. The field of study that deals with how separate national taxing authorities interact and how private sector actors respond to international differences in taxing regimes.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'International economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Noroc', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/26', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'international_tax', )

(object) array( 'id' => '933481', 'url' => 'AR/syntax_₁₀', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'بناء الجملة', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'بناء الجملة', 1 => 'Literature', 2 => 'Fiction', 3 => 'Citadel', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'بناء الجملة', 'source_id' => 501622, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Literature', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Fiction', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'Citadel', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402101159', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'ترتيب الكلمات في جملة أو سطر من الآية أو الحوار النحوية. المنظمة من كلمات وعبارات وجمل في جمل من النثر والشعر، والحوار', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601531286454272, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'syntax', 'Company' => 'Citadel', 'Definition' => 'The grammatical order of words in a sentence or line of verse or dialogue. The organization of words and phrases and clauses in sentences of prose, verse, and dialogue', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Literature', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Fiction', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Renee', 'Creation Date' => '2010/12/8', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'syntax_₁₀', )

(object) array( 'id' => '931842', 'url' => 'AR/resurrection_₁', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'قيامة', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'قيامة', 1 => 'Art history', 2 => 'Visual arts', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'قيامة', 'source_id' => 744567, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Art history', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Visual arts', ), 'lastedit' => '20110401212131', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'ارتفاع المسيح إلى الحياة بعد وفاته ثلاثة أيام قبل صلب المسيح.', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601524979269635, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'resurrection', 'Definition' => 'The rising of christ to life three days after his death by crucifixion.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Art history', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Visual arts', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Gabrielle Tait', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/14', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'resurrection_₁', )

(object) array( 'id' => '933289', 'url' => 'AR/nation_building', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'بناء الأمة', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'بناء الأمة', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'بناء الأمة', 'source_id' => 774184, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402095120', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'Creating a country that works out of one that does not - because the old order has collapsed (as in the former Soviet Union), or been destroyed by war (Iraq), or never really functioned in the first place (Afghanistan). To transform a failed country can involve establishing order through the rule of law and creating legitimate government and other effective social institutions, as well as a credible currency and a functioning market economy. Nation building is rarely easy, and often fiendishly difficult, especially where there are deep ethnic, religious or political divisions in the population or the country has no history of ever functioning effectively. Outside expertise, such as from the World Bank, and money (as in, most famously, the Marshall plan) can help, but they are no guarantee of success.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601530561888256, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'nation building', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'Creating a country that works out of one that does not - because the old order has collapsed (as in the former Soviet Union), or been destroyed by war (Iraq), or never really functioned in the first place (Afghanistan). To transform a failed country can involve establishing order through the rule of law and creating legitimate government and other effective social institutions, as well as a credible currency and a functioning market economy. Nation building is rarely easy, and often fiendishly difficult, especially where there are deep ethnic, religious or political divisions in the population or the country has no history of ever functioning effectively. Outside expertise, such as from the World Bank, and money (as in, most famously, the Marshall plan) can help, but they are no guarantee of success.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'nation_building', )

(object) array( 'id' => '932344', 'url' => 'AR/supervisory_charges', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'رسوم الإشراف', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'رسوم الإشراف', 1 => 'Life Sciences', 2 => 'Regulatory', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'رسوم الإشراف', 'source_id' => 495875, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1036, 'nstext' => 'AR', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Life Sciences', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Regulatory', ), 'lastedit' => '20110402071543', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'Mohamed Taha', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'الرسوم للإشراف على تجديد وفحص المواد المستورد أو المالك أو المرسل إليه محاولات لتحقيق الامتثال بعد الاحتجاز (انظر 21 CFR 1.99).', 'usage_comment' => 'MT', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503601526927523840, 'nstext_full' => 'Arabic (AR)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'supervisory charges', 'Definition' => 'The charges for supervising the reconditioning and examination of articles that an importer, owner, or consignee attempts to bring into compliance after detention (See 21 CFR 1.99).', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Industry' => 'Life Sciences', 'Product Category' => 'Regulatory', 'Creation User' => 'PetriDish', 'Creation Date' => '2010/12/2', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'supervisory_charges', )