(object) array( 'id' => '1088214', 'url' => 'HI/electromagnetic_spectrum', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'विद्युत चुम्बकीय वर्णक्रम', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'विद्युत चुम्बकीय वर्णक्रम', 1 => 'Chemistry', 2 => 'General chemistry', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'विद्युत चुम्बकीय वर्णक्रम', 'source_id' => 76632, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Chemistry', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'General chemistry', ), 'lastedit' => '20110418103559', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'Complete range of wavelengths which light can have. These include infrared, ultraviolet, and all other types of electromagnetic radiation, as well as visible light.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602235543650307, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'electromagnetic spectrum', 'Definition' => 'Complete range of wavelengths which light can have. These include infrared, ultraviolet, and all other types of electromagnetic radiation, as well as visible light.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Industry' => 'Chemistry', 'Product Category' => 'General chemistry', 'Revision User' => 'Vicki S', 'Revision Date' => '2010/06/30', 'Creation User' => 'Vicki S', 'Creation Date' => '2010/6/30', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'electromagnetic_spectrum', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1080329', 'url' => 'HI/gross_national_product_(GNP)_₃', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'सकल राष्ट्रीय उत्पाद (जीएनपी)', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'सकल राष्ट्रीय उत्पाद (जीएनपी)', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'सकल राष्ट्रीय उत्पाद (जीएनपी)', 'source_id' => 774304, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110417143744', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'Another measure of a country\'s economic performance. It is calculated by adding to GDP the income earned by residents from investments abroad, less the corresponding income sent home by foreigners who are living in the country.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602200263262208, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'gross national product (GNP)', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'Another measure of a country\'s economic performance. It is calculated by adding to GDP the income earned by residents from investments abroad, less the corresponding income sent home by foreigners who are living in the country.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'gross_national_product_(GNP)_₃', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1080434', 'url' => 'HI/free_trade_₁', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'मुक्त व्यापार', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'मुक्त व्यापार', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'मुक्त व्यापार', 'source_id' => 774328, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110417144714', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'The ability of people to undertake economic transactions with people in other countries free from any restraints imposed by governments or other regulators. Measured by the volume of imports and exports, world trade has become increasingly free in the years since the second world war. A fall in barriers to trade, as a result of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and its successor, the World Trade Organization, has helped stimulate this growth. The volume of world merchandise trade at the start of the 21st century was about 17 times what it was in 1950, and the world\'s total output was not even six times as big. The ratio of world exports to GDP had more than doubled since 1950. Of this, trade in manufactured goods was worth three times the value of trade in services, although the share of services trade was growing fast. For economists, the benefits of free trade are explained by the theory of comparative advantage, with each country doing those things in which it is comparatively more efficient. As long as each country specializes in products in which it has a comparative advantage, trade will be mutually beneficial. Some critics of free trade argue that trade with developing countries, where wages are usually lower and working hours longer than in developed countries, is unfair and will wipe out jobs in high-wage countries. They want autarky or fair trade. Real-world trade patterns sometimes seem to challenge the theory of comparative advantage (see new trade theory). Most trade occurs between countries that do not have huge cost differences. The biggest trading partner of the United States, for instance, is Canada. Well over half the exports from France, Germany and Italy go to other European Union countries. Moreover, these countries sell similar things to each other: cars made in France are exported to Germany, and German cars go to France. The main reason seems to be cross-border differences in consumer tastes. But the agricultural exports of Australia, say, or Saudi Arabia\'s reliance on oil, do clearly stem from their particular stock of natural resources. Also poorer countries often have more unskilled labor, so they export simple manufactures such as clothing.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602200661721088, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'free trade', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'The ability of people to undertake economic transactions with people in other countries free from any restraints imposed by governments or other regulators. Measured by the volume of imports and exports, world trade has become increasingly free in the years since the second world war. A fall in barriers to trade, as a result of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and its successor, the World Trade Organization, has helped stimulate this growth. The volume of world merchandise trade at the start of the 21st century was about 17 times what it was in 1950, and the world\'s total output was not even six times as big. The ratio of world exports to GDP had more than doubled since 1950. Of this, trade in manufactured goods was worth three times the value of trade in services, although the share of services trade was growing fast. For economists, the benefits of free trade are explained by the theory of comparative advantage, with each country doing those things in which it is comparatively more efficient. As long as each country specializes in products in which it has a comparative advantage, trade will be mutually beneficial. Some critics of free trade argue that trade with developing countries, where wages are usually lower and working hours longer than in developed countries, is unfair and will wipe out jobs in high-wage countries. They want autarky or fair trade. Real-world trade patterns sometimes seem to challenge the theory of comparative advantage (see new trade theory). Most trade occurs between countries that do not have huge cost differences. The biggest trading partner of the United States, for instance, is Canada. Well over half the exports from France, Germany and Italy go to other European Union countries. Moreover, these countries sell similar things to each other: cars made in France are exported to Germany, and German cars go to France. The main reason seems to be cross-border differences in consumer tastes. But the agricultural exports of Australia, say, or Saudi Arabia\'s reliance on oil, do clearly stem from their particular stock of natural resources. Also poorer countries often have more unskilled labor, so they export simple manufactures such as clothing.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'free_trade_₁', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1132147', 'url' => 'HI/market-responsive_pricing', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'बाजार संवेदनशील मूल्य निर्धारण', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'बाजार संवेदनशील मूल्य निर्धारण', 1 => 'Energy', 2 => 'Natural gas', 3 => 'AGA', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'बाजार संवेदनशील मूल्य निर्धारण', 'source_id' => 93110, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Energy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Natural gas', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'AGA', ), 'lastedit' => '20110422071738', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'See MARKET-BASED PRICING.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602427565178882, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'market-responsive pricing', 'Definition' => 'See MARKET-BASED PRICING.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Industry' => 'Energy', 'Product Category' => 'Natural gas', 'Company' => 'AGA', 'Creation User' => 'JJD', 'Creation Date' => '2010/7/9', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'market-responsive_pricing', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1081934', 'url' => 'HI/disintermediation_₃', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'मध्यस्थहीनता', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'मध्यस्थहीनता', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'Economics', 3 => 'The Economist', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'मध्यस्थहीनता', 'source_id' => 774471, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'The Economist', ), 'lastedit' => '20110417161818', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'Cutting out the middleman. Disintermediation has become a buzz word in financial services in particular, as competitive and technological changes have done away with the need for established intermediaries. Banks have seen much of their business slip away, such as lending to companies that now tap capital markets direct. New economy ¬theorists argued that many retailers would be disintermediated as the internet enabled customers to transact directly with producers without needing to visit a shop. But this has happened more slowly than they predicted.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602207068520448, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'disintermediation', 'Company' => 'The Economist', 'Definition' => 'Cutting out the middleman. Disintermediation has become a buzz word in financial services in particular, as competitive and technological changes have done away with the need for established intermediaries. Banks have seen much of their business slip away, such as lending to companies that now tap capital markets direct. New economy ¬theorists argued that many retailers would be disintermediated as the internet enabled customers to transact directly with producers without needing to visit a shop. But this has happened more slowly than they predicted.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'Economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'summer.l', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'disintermediation_₃', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1078893', 'url' => 'HI/Monoclonal_Antibodies_(Also_called_MABs_and_MCAs)', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'मोनोक्लोनल एंटीबॉडी', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'मोनोक्लोनल एंटीबॉडी', 1 => 'Agricultural chemicals', 2 => 'Pesticides', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'मोनोक्लोनल एंटीबॉडी', 'source_id' => 28668, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Agricultural chemicals', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Pesticides', ), 'lastedit' => '20110417112051', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => '1. Man-made (anthropogenic) clones of a molecule, produced in quantity for medical or research purposes. 2. Molecules of living organisms that selectively find and attach to other molecules to which their structure conforms exactly. This could also apply to equivalent activity by chemical molecules.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602191972171779, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'Monoclonal Antibodies (Also called MABs and MCAs)', 'Definition' => '1. Man-made (anthropogenic) clones of a molecule, produced in quantity for medical or research purposes. 2. Molecules of living organisms that selectively find and attach to other molecules to which their structure conforms exactly. This could also apply to equivalent activity by chemical molecules.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Industry' => 'Agricultural chemicals', 'Product Category' => 'Pesticides', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Aglink', 'Creation Date' => '2010/05/21', 'Revision User' => 'Aglink', 'Revision Date' => '2010/05/21', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'Monoclonal_Antibodies_(Also_called_MABs_and_MCAs)', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1087550', 'url' => 'HI/second-best_argument_for_protection', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'दूसरी सुरक्षा के लिए सबसे अच्छा तर्क', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'दूसरी सुरक्षा के लिए सबसे अच्छा तर्क', 1 => 'Economy', 2 => 'International economics', 3 => 'University of Michigan', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'दूसरी सुरक्षा के लिए सबसे अच्छा तर्क', 'source_id' => 819239, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Economy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'International economics', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'University of Michigan', ), 'lastedit' => '20110418095139', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => '1. Any argument for protection that can be countered by pointing to a different and less distortionary policy that would achieve the same desired result at lower economic cost. 2. An argument for protection to partially correct an existing distortion in the economy when the first-best policy for that purpose is not available. For example, if domestic production generates a positive externality and a production subsidy to internalize it is not available, then a tariff may be second-best optimal.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602233030213632, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'second-best argument for protection', 'Company' => 'University of Michigan', 'Definition' => '1. Any argument for protection that can be countered by pointing to a different and less distortionary policy that would achieve the same desired result at lower economic cost. 2. An argument for protection to partially correct an existing distortion in the economy when the first-best policy for that purpose is not available. For example, if domestic production generates a positive externality and a production subsidy to internalize it is not available, then a tariff may be second-best optimal.', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Industry' => 'Economy', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Product Category' => 'International economics', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Noroc', 'Creation Date' => '2011/2/26', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'second-best_argument_for_protection', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1097650', 'url' => 'HI/tailrace', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'पश्चजल निकासी पाइप', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'पश्चजल निकासी पाइप', 1 => 'Energy', 2 => 'Hydroelectric', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'पश्चजल निकासी पाइप', 'source_id' => 34739, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Energy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'Hydroelectric', ), 'lastedit' => '20110419084952', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'The pipelines or channels that transport used water from dam downstream to re-enter river.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602278044532736, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'tailrace', 'Definition' => 'The pipelines or channels that transport used water from dam downstream to re-enter river.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Product Category' => 'Hydroelectric', 'Industry' => 'Energy', 'Revision User' => 'Melissa taing', 'Revision Date' => '2010/06/02', 'Creation User' => 'Melissa taing', 'Creation Date' => '2010/06/02', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'tailrace', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1088202', 'url' => 'HI/covalent_bonds', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'सहसंयोजक बांड', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'सहसंयोजक बांड', 1 => 'Chemistry', 2 => 'General chemistry', 3 => '', ), 'term' => 'सहसंयोजक बांड', 'source_id' => 76559, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Chemistry', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'General chemistry', ), 'lastedit' => '20110418103537', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'When two atoms share at least one pair of electrons.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602235541553153, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'covalent bonds', 'Definition' => 'When two atoms share at least one pair of electrons.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Industry' => 'Chemistry', 'Product Category' => 'General chemistry', 'Revision User' => 'Vicki S', 'Revision Date' => '2010/06/30', 'Creation User' => 'Vicki S', 'Creation Date' => '2010/6/30', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'covalent_bonds', )

(object) array( 'id' => '1098670', 'url' => 'HI/firm_energy', 'image' => '', 'title' => 'फर्म ऊर्जा', 'tags' => array ( 0 => 'फर्म ऊर्जा', 1 => 'Energy', 2 => 'General', 3 => 'California Energy Commission', 4 => '', ), 'term' => 'फर्म ऊर्जा', 'source_id' => 114371, 'type' => 'term', 'namespace' => 1316, 'nstext' => 'HI', 'industry' => array ( 0 => 'Energy', ), 'category' => array ( 0 => 'General', ), 'company' => array ( 0 => 'California Energy Commission', ), 'lastedit' => '20110419094910', 'part_of_speech' => 'noun', 'creation_user' => 'mitraashutosh', 'special_term' => '', 'definition' => 'Power supplies that are guaranteed to be delivered under terms defined by contract.', 'usage_comment' => '', 'glossary' => '', 'width' => 0, 'height' => 0, '_version_' => 1503602281394733060, 'nstext_full' => 'Hindi (HI)', 's_attr' => (object) array( 'Term' => 'firm energy', 'Definition' => 'Power supplies that are guaranteed to be delivered under terms defined by contract.', 'Part of Speech' => 'noun', 'Industry' => 'Energy', 'Product Category' => 'General', 'Company' => 'California Energy Commission', 'Domain' => 'Documentation', 'Usage Status' => 'New', 'Creation User' => 'Jessehe', 'Creation Date' => '2010/7/20', 'Source Lang' => '1180', ), 's_namespace_text' => 'EN', 's_namespace_text_full' => 'English (EN)', 's_title' => 'firm_energy', )